Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in females living in Kabul in 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a multifaceted metabolic disorder characterized by increased levels of blood glucose, resulting from several factors that impede proper glucose regulation in affected individuals. This study aims to investigate the relationships between age and blood glucose levels in non-pregnant women in Kabul in 2022.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Kabul, Afghanistan, involving patients attending the City Medical Complex in 2023. Blood samples were collected after fasting, and blood glucose levels were assessed using the enzymatic approach. Hyperglycemia was defined using the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.18, with a chi-square test for quantitative data, an independent t-test, and an analysis of variance for qualitative data.

Results: The study involved 5102 participants aged 5 to 88 years, with a mean FBS level of 153.18 ± 70.315 mg/dl. 30.5% had normal FBS, 15.8% were pre-diabetic, and 53.7% had diabetes. Age distribution varied significantly across FBS groups, with diabetics having the highest age range (54.68 years) and normals having the smallest (44.07 years).

Discussion: The correlation between aging and diabetes is intricate and diverse. Numerous elements contribute to this association, encompassing the heightened occurrence of diabetes as individuals grow older and the influence of diabetes on the aging progression itself.