Knowledge, Attitude, and Preventive Practices for Cardiovascular Diseases Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Kabul City

Abstract

Background: We investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices (KAP) regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among type 2 diabetics in Kabul City, Afghanistan in 2024-25. Understanding these factors is critical for developing effective public health interventions in resource-limited settings

Methods: A total of 528 participants were enrolled. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing participant's knowledge of CVD, attitudes toward prevention, and reported practices.

Results: 83.3% of participants recognized CVD as a leading cause of death, and 86.4% acknowledged the importance of physical activity in prevention. However, knowledge of specific symptoms was notably low, with only 12.1% identifying chest pain as a heart attack symptom. Attitudes toward CVD prevention were generally positive, with 97.0% emphasizing physical activity and dietary control. Despite this, only 63.6% engaged in moderate aerobic activities, and 50.0% reported adding salt to their food. Gender differences were significant, with males scoring higher in knowledge and practice. Age and education levels also influenced KAP scores.

Conclusion: The study highlights substantial gaps in knowledge and preventive practices among type 2 diabetics in Kabul. Targeted educational interventions are essential to enhance symptom recognition and promote effective preventive behaviors, addressing the identified discrepancies in knowledge and actual practices.